Kepler famously compiled troves of data on the night sky, and just fitted some functions to them. He could not explain why but he could say what. Was he not a scientist?
He did attempt to explain why. Wikipedia:
"On 4 February 1600, Kepler met Tycho Brahe....Tycho guarded his data closely, but was impressed by Kepler's theoretical ideas and soon allowed him more access. Kepler planned to test his theory from Mysterium Cosmographicum based on the Mars data, but he estimated that the work would take up to two years (since he was not allowed to simply copy the data for his own use)."