I'm not the OP, and I don't know about Polestar specifically, but I've worked with many other vehicle systems, and they are incredibly complex. Each ECU in a car is running it's own firmware, and the larger ones can be running their own OS.
There's usually a mix of Assembly, Simulink, C, C++, Java, JavaScript, Shell scripts, Python, etc...
I've seen the OS be various flavors of embedded Linux, QNX, or even Ubuntu.
You can usually find a bit of everything even in a single vehicle. The code is integrated by an OEM and can come from dozens of potential suppliers.
My bikes run c++ (both arduino and segger-flavored) and a funny language called monkey-C in the subset of the code I know. And presumably mostly c++ in the parts that I don't know (much larger parts). Some people I ride with also have java in the mix and it doesn't seem to bother them at all.
Just use a 90s EFI vehicle with a full modern aftermarket ECU system from Haltec or Motec or whomever, and you can have a better car than was ever sold OEM.
There's no mention of the Rust language on the site or their careers page, at least with queries like `rust site:www.polestar.com/us/` or `rust site:about.polestar.com/careers/jobs/`.
Don't know for sure, but their share the "platform" with Volvo.
That's off the point though. The choice of language matters, but it matters less than the development process and the professionalism of people involved.