For ECUs running the car it's MISRA still, Rust is in the pipeline, but still far far away. 5-10 years before it becomes common. Standard is being worked on, but compilers and other tools will take a lot more time. These are generally not your of the shelf MCUs, and for many compilers are quite tailored.
But for anything regarding networking and UX (screens), a lot of languages and frameworks are being used right now.
Also, if you hate MISRA subset of C so much, you probably won't like Rust, since both impose some similar rules.
I don't know much about Rust but the problem with MISRA is significant defects with the specification that force you to write bad/broken code in rare cases, and produce more work without benefit in others. A Rust MISRA standard would be great. Limited but more expressive and concise than C probably.
But for anything regarding networking and UX (screens), a lot of languages and frameworks are being used right now.
Also, if you hate MISRA subset of C so much, you probably won't like Rust, since both impose some similar rules.